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在 Android 开发中,ExpandableListView 已经可以实现两层结构的展开,然而,有时候需要实现更深层次的树状结构,甚至三层或更多。为此,我选择自定义 ExpandableListView 或 ListView 来实现这种需求。以下将详细介绍如何实现树状结构,包括布局文件的设置、数据模型的建立、自定义适配器的开发以及点击事件的处理。
首先,新建一个 Activity 样式的布局文件。例如,activity_tree.xml
,其内容如下:
这将为后续的 ListView 提供一个占满屏幕的布局。
接下来,新建一个单独的布局文件用于 tree_item
元素:
首先,创建一个 TreeNode
类来存储树节点的数据。该类包含以下字段:
contentText
:节点内容。level
:节点的层级。id
:节点的唯一标识符。parent_id
:父节点的标识符。has_children
:是否有子节点。is_expanded
:是否展开。类似于以下代码:
public class TreeNode { private String contentText; private int level; private int id; private int parent_id; private boolean has_children; private boolean is_expanded; public TreeNode(String contentText, int level, int id, int parent_id, boolean has_children, boolean is_expanded) { this.contentText = contentText; this.level = level; this.id = id; this.parent_id = parent_id; this.has_children = has_children; this.is_expanded = is_expanded; } public boolean isExpanded() { return is_expanded; } public void setExpanded(boolean isExpanded) { this.is_expanded = isExpanded; } public String getContentText() { return contentText; } public void setContentText(String contentText) { this.contentText = contentText; } public int getLevel() { return level; } public void setLevel(int level) { this.level = level; } public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public int getParendId() { return parent_id; } public void setParendId(int parent_id) { this.parent_id = parent_id; } public boolean isHasChildren() { return has_children; } public void setHasChildren(boolean hasChildren) { this.has_children = hasChildren; }}
为了实现树状结构,需要自定义一个 TreeViewAdapter
,继承自 BaseAdapter
。该适配器将负责绑定数据和处理点击事件。
public class TreeViewAdapter extends BaseAdapter { private ArrayListall_nodes; private ArrayList top_nodes; private LayoutInflater inflater; private int indentation_base; public TreeViewAdapter(ArrayList top_nodes, ArrayList all_nodes, LayoutInflater inflater) { this.top_nodes = top_nodes; this.all_nodes = all_nodes; this.inflater = inflater; indentation_base = 20; } @Override public int getCount() { return top_nodes.size(); } @Override public Object getItem(int position) { return top_nodes.get(position); } @Override public long getItemId(int position) { return position; } @Override public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { ViewHolder holder; if (convertView == null) { holder = new ViewHolder(); convertView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.tree_item, null); holder.home_img = (ImageView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.home_img); holder.tree_text = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.tree_text); convertView.setTag(holder); } else { holder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag(); } TreeNode element = top_nodes.get(position); int level = element.getLevel(); holder.home_img.setPadding(indentation_base * (level + 1), 0, 0, 0); holder.tree_text.setText(element.getContentText()); if (element.isHasChildren() && !element.isExpanded()) { holder.home_img.setImageResource(R.drawable.open); holder.home_img.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE); } else if (element.isHasChildren() && element.isExpanded()) { holder.home_img.setImageResource(R.drawable.open); holder.home_img.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE); } else if (!element.isHasChildren()) { holder.home_img.setImageResource(R.drawable.open); holder.home_img.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE); } return convertView; } static class ViewHolder { ImageView home_img; TextView tree_text; }}
在 TreeActivity
中进行数据初始化。例如:
public class TreeActivity extends Activity { private ArrayListall_nodes; private ArrayList top_nodes; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_tree); LayoutInflater inflater = (LayoutInflater) getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE); init(); ListView tree_view = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.tree_list); TreeViewAdapter tree_view_adapter = new TreeViewAdapter(top_nodes, all_nodes, inflater); TreeViewItemClickListener tree_view_click_listener = new TreeViewItemClickListener(tree_view_adapter); tree_view.setAdapter(tree_view_adapter); tree_view.setOnItemClickListener(tree_view_click_listener); } private void init() { top_nodes = new ArrayList<>(); all_nodes = new ArrayList<>(); // 添加节点 TreeNode node1 = new TreeNode("北京市", TreeNode.TOP_LEVEL, 0, TreeNode.NO_PARENT, true, false); TreeNode node2 = new TreeNode("海淀区", TreeNode.TOP_LEVEL + 1, 1, node1.getId(), true, false); TreeNode node3 = new TreeNode("西二旗", TreeNode.TOP_LEVEL + 2, 2, node2.getId(), true, false); TreeNode node4 = new TreeNode("河南省", TreeNode.TOP_LEVEL, 3, TreeNode.NO_PARENT, true, false); TreeNode node5 = new TreeNode("郑州市", TreeNode.TOP_LEVEL + 1, 4, node4.getId(), true, false); TreeNode node6 = new TreeNode("金水区", TreeNode.TOP_LEVEL + 2, 5, node5.getId(), false, false); top_nodes.add(node1); top_nodes.add(node4); all_nodes.add(node1); all_nodes.add(node2); all_nodes.add(node3); all_nodes.add(node4); all_nodes.add(node5); all_nodes.add(node6); }}
为了控制树节点的展开和收缩,需要实现一个 TreeViewItemClickListener
类。例如:
public class TreeViewItemClickListener implements OnItemClickListener { private TreeViewAdapter tree_view_adapter; public TreeViewItemClickListener(TreeViewAdapter tree_view_adapter) { this.tree_view_adapter = tree_view_adapter; } @Override public void onItemClick(AdapterView parent, View view, int position, long id) { TreeNode tree_node = (TreeNode) tree_view_adapter.getItem(position); if (!tree_node.isHasChildren()) { return; } if (tree_node.isExpanded()) { tree_node.setExpanded(false); ArrayListelements_to_delete = new ArrayList<>(); for (int i = position + 1; i < top_nodes.size(); i++) { if (tree_node.getLevel() >= top_nodes.get(i).getLevel()) { break; } elements_to_delete.add(top_nodes.get(i)); } top_nodes.removeAll(elements_to_delete); tree_view_adapter.notifyDataSetChanged(); } else { tree_node.setExpanded(true); int i = 1; for (TreeNode e : all_nodes) { if (e.getParent_id() == tree_node.getId()) { e.setExpanded(false); top_nodes.add(position + i, e); i++; } } tree_view_adapter.notifyDataSetChanged(); } }}
通过以上代码,系统将能够实现树状结构的加载和展开。点击每个节点,将根据其子节点的存在与否进行展开或收缩。
此外,记得取消 node7
的注释,以添加更多子节点。这样,将展示出一颗完整的树结构。
完成以上步骤后,将能够看到预期中的树状列表,点击每个节点将可查看其子节点。无论是顶层节点还是深层节点,都将按照设置的 way 模式展开或收缩。
希望以上内容能为您提供清晰的解决方案!
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